PHOTOVOLTAIC
A photovoltaic system for a family unit usually has a peak power between 2.5 and 3 kWp. A PV plant in Italy produces about 1100 kWh per kWp installed in the north. To be precautionary measures we take this for good, even in central Italy.
The current costs of small plants are about 3 kWp up to € 20,000.
The incentive rate for the first quarter of 2011 is € 0.402 / kWh.
So:
peak power installed: 3 kWp
Energy produced in a year: 3300 kWh
Incentive received in a year: 1326 €
Since the incentive remains unchanged for 20 years, the total will be € 26,520.
This not counting the savings due to self energy and the gain has from the sale of energy produced but not consumed, that is via the exchange service on the spot.
Considering the exchange on the spot (which depend on consumption, it is difficult to predict) we can estimate to reach 1600 € per year and then be able to write off its investment in 12 years and a half.
Our estimates are very cautious, assuming a lower installation cost and annual production is more we could push a 10-year amortization and the remaining 10 years of rate with full gain.
PV systems do not require mandatory audits and maintenance is neither expensive nor periodic, would limit the replacement of the inverter and panels in case of failure. In this sense the manufacturer's warranties are available from 5 to 10 years.
Beyond the incentive rate the benefits of a PV system with net metering are many, in fact, by installing detection systems can operate our current produced heat pumps powered completely with the energy produced by himself and using a accumulator have hot water heat if necessary. Exchange energy with the electricity network can not only have an economic return on electricity sold to other users to use energy from fossil sources with health benefits for all.
produce and exchange locally network will be the future of energy production.
CAR
The benefits of the car (or better described as self- property) are going down. A person who now lives in urban or peri-urban today has no cost to buy a car. In fact, the car will be useful and indispensable Efffetti a limited number of times per month (trips to places not accessible by bus and train transport of objects Bulky or elderly). For those few occasions when we can not do without it, the best solution is hire or loan from a friend or acquaintance.
A small car costs about € 12000-15000. The price of a medium sized car is estimated today at around € 20,000 (equal to the cost of a PV plant family).
The cost incurred by the family (which is increasingly one person, in Italy the average is one car for every two people) for the purchase of a car does not provide for any depreciation, nor any savings, in fact.
addition to the cost of purchase, the car requires a large amount of money for its operation: fuel cost (Proportionate to the use, today the rate is 1.5 euro per liter), the cost of maintenance (which however is also dependent on the use, more and more use of the machine needs maintenance), and other costs not related to 'use, the cost of regular reviews, cost of road tax, insurance cost (500-800 € per year at best).
These are direct costs that must support the driver, among which may also include costs for the renewal of the license and the cost of any fines for breaches of traffic laws.
indirect costs to society that must support the casus high rate of use of private vehicles, especially in urban areas, are by no means negligible, even though they can hardly be accounted for effectively.
Indirect costs related to the use of the car:
- Deterioration of air quality in urban areas increase in respiratory diseases
- Increase the amount of CO2 across the globe: rising temperatures
- Noise and stress due Traffic: reduced quality of life and health of citizens
- High probability of road accidents, often with serious effects, if not fatal, but also on the drivers on pedestrians
- Deterioration of social relationships: traffic and transport private aggravate the human relationship between citizens
- Armed conflicts needed to ensure control of strategic oil fields and therefore fuel at low cost to our economies
- Disposal of car scrapping, exhausts and batteries to
amortize a car costing € 20,000, not taking into account the costs of use (which are very high), and assuming you use a bicycle for short trips and public transport citizens with a monthly subscription (Firenze ATAF current subscription cost 35 €), Whereas the recovery of the cost savings of public transport would take place after 47 years!
reflect a little '
Doing the math simple and reflect a little above, if I had to spend € 20,000 does not buy certain cars, but my house doterei of a photovoltaic system or other energy solutions smart (biomass boilers, wind power, solar panels, insulation), as the benefits accruing to individuals and for society would be many, unlike the car-building that has Helvetic costs and benefits is not relevant, given that his only function is that of private transport. In fact, if we take cases where the homes are in isolated areas, the transport vehicle is almost always ineffective (increased traffic, difficulty of finding parking, endless queues to go on vacation during the summer). The alternatives to private motorized transport is bicycles and public transport to be upgraded to their maximum capacity.
A wise person has no doubt about it, a wise person has already realized this for some time.
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